It was my hope at the start of this blog that I would be able to write a post for every day of the academy.  That is clearly not going to be possible, but I will try and stay on top of things at least in blocks of days.  Today’s post will be on Day 2 of the academy, but in this posts and future posts  I’ll generally focus on a few things: What we’ve covered in class; class/training instructors;  personal wins/losses (blunders); other highlights.  In addition, I’ll also try and get the quizes we’ve taken so far posted on the quiz page so you can test your own firefighter knowledge.  Remember – anything less than 70% fails.

Day 2 – This was the actual first day of “class”.  Day 1 was our 10-hour orientation.  In this class Captain Grillo covered the history of the fire service from 24 B.C. to current day.  There’s a lot that we covered and I’d love to post the notes here, but that would take a lot of time I don’t have.  That’s a project for later, but I can tell you a few highlights regarding the history of the firefighting and some of the interesting trivia that goes along with it.

• The earliest recorded history of firefighters was in Caesar’s Rome.  The “Familia Publica”, made up of 600 slaves (not like the African-American slaves of American history.  They were more like servants of the commonwealth.) stationed around the city and kept watch nightly for fires.  They put them out by throwing buckets of water on them.
• The Corp of Vigiles eventually replaced the Familia Publica and served Rome for about 500 years.
• The very first fire pump ever was called the Siphona Syringe (invented by Ctesibus and Hero the Alexandrian) which was basically a giant syringe full of water which was pumped by multiple men onto a fire.
• Former Captain of the Romain army, Florian, became known as “Florian, Patron Saint of Firefighters”.
• Dalmatians, the fire service mascot was originally used to keep horse teams on path and calm at the scene of fires.
• Ben Franklin is commonly referred to as “America’s First Fire Chief” as he started the first fire department in Philadelphia, PA.
• Boston, MA created the first paid-on-call Fire Department, let by Thomas Atkins – America’s first Fire Captain.
• The word ‘curfew’ comes from the french saying “couvre feu” meaning “cover fire”.  In Medieval England the curfew bell was rung meaning it was time to cover and extinguish your fire, so that homes would not catch on fire in the night.
• Andrew Gratacap invented the first fire helmet made of leather with the primary purpose of keeping water out of your eyes.
• Cincinatti, OH (1853) is credited as being the the 1st paid, full-time Fire Department.
• San Francisco’s Daniel Hayes invented the 1st hydraulic aerial ladder in 1870.
• In 1973 America’s growing fire problem was finally explored in depth in the monumental “America Burning” publication.  It’s conclusion was that our fire problem which is worse than any other industrialized country, stems from our own apathy.
• 345 firefighters die in the terrorist attacks on 9/11.  6000 people died in total.
• Today there are approximately 33,000 fire departments in the U.S. and 1 million firefighters (two-thirds are volunteer)
• The are approximately 2 million fire calls per year in the U.S.
• A popular saying in the fire service goes “200 years of tradition, unhampered by progress.”
• “Semper Vigilans” is the motto of the fire service.  It means “Always Vigilant”.

Class went smooth.  Nothing significant to tell beyond the

Q. Who do you feel has been one of the most influential people in the fire industry within the last decade and why?

A. Retired Fire Chief Alan V. Brunacini of the Phoenix Fire Department –The PFD are on the leading edge of many new policies, procedures and modern technologies. They have a unique take on modern leadership and span of control and Alan had a lot to do with that.  Also, former State Fire Marshall, Ronnie Coleman.  He’s been doing fire service accreditation around the state and that’s making big differences in the quality of service being offered.  Agencies are reviewed using a set of criteria which verify that departments are doing what they’re supposed to be doing.  This helps raise the bar in terms of their service to the community and being accredited gives departments ammunition in the fight for funding.

Q. Who has been your biggest influence and why?

A. Alan Brunacini – He’s not enamored with tech and he’s a big proponent of safety.  He won’t let firefighters take risks over property, especially when it’s only going to be torn down a few days later anyway.  He always asks the question “What are we risking here?”  Life risks are taken only for life saves.

Q. What changes do you see (or imagine) coming to the fire service within the span of the 21st century?

A. The core mission will remain the same, but expansion in the medical field would be good.  The scope of practice for the paramedic is what it is, but bringing in more advanced techniques and a broader reach with drugs could be beneficial.  One potential change I hope doesn’t happen is the idea that more and more will be done at the Fire station itself.  Getting stitches at the ER takes forever; it might start being done at the Fire House.

I think we’ll need to prove our public value and worth through accreditation. Take our budget (which pushes $50 million dollars a year) and consider if that much money was even at fire risk over the course of the year. What is it really worth to go in, stop a fire, and save a house which is going to end up being torn down and rebuilt anyway?

Q. What do think the biggest “hole” in firefighter equipment is today?

A. We struggle in getting all people in the fire service to understand the value we need to provide to the public. We need to understand how important public value is.  The big budget and these fire engines need to “enhance” the value of living in the city in which we live. “I think the fire service believes its own press-clippings.  Also, we still kill people (firefighters) for no good reason. We need to recognize what’s worth the life risks we’re taking.

Q. In regards to fire prevention, what changes need to come, and where have we seen recent success?

A. Residential sprinkler ordinances have been a huge success.  Problem is, the building industry fights us at every turn.  Also, we need to ban wood-shake roofs.  We need to have the insurance industry come down on people who do not take proper fire prevention precautions.  I see homes all the time that are un-savable, but could easily be modified for fire prevention.

We are seeing success in hazard and weed abatement.  Between The “cedar fire” in San Diego county and the “Witch Fire” (2003 and 2007)…. they set up the reverse 911 system which did a tremendous job getting people out of the way of those fires, and ultimately saved a lot of lives.

Q. Are you familiar with any of the following emerging technologies?* (*See The Future Of Firefighting post)

A. I’m not a big fan of “technology” because I view it as a huge cash cow for businesses trying to invent the next big hit.  I find we always go “back to basics” for which they have training programs of the same name.  We are seeing certain additives to water which are allowing us to improve the effectiveness of our “basic” firefighting practices.  The more technology there is, the more room there is for it to break down.  I’m a big fan of simple & reliable.  I see more and more information systems like PASS and air status systems which help, though I still do pretty well with my clip board.

Q. Do you see the governments’ financial problems affecting the future of firefighter salaries and retirement packages?

A. I do.  It’s tough because you’re dealing with negotiated union contracts which are fairly safe.  Still, there are a lot of public entities who are reliant on the government having money to pay them.  I think we’ll see a tiered system in the future.  Something’s gotta give.